Why Aren’t Big-Box Stores Installing Solar Panels on Their Roofs to Slash Emissions and Save Millions?

CNN reports that big-box stores and shopping malls in the US have untapped potential for solar power, which could help reduce dependency on fossil fuels, lower emissions, and save companies money. For example, the installation of solar panels on the roof and parking lot at an IKEA store in Baltimore reduced energy costs by 57% from September to December 2020. According to a report from nonprofit Environment America and research firm Frontier Group, big-box stores and shopping centers have enough roof space to produce half of their annual electricity needs from solar power. This could generate enough electricity to power nearly 8 million homes and decrease planet-warming emissions equivalent to removing 11.3 million gas-powered cars from the road. The report states that Walmart stores could potentially generate enough electricity to power over 842,000 homes. However, only a fraction of big-box stores in the US have invested in rooftop solar systems, due to barriers such as regulations, labor costs, and concerns about the structural integrity of rooftops. Renewable energy experts argue that solar energy is a simple and cost-effective solution to reduce emissions, but companies cite these obstacles as hindrances to widespread adoption. Advocates argue that a solar revolution in big-box retail would benefit local communities, bolster economic growth, and address the climate crisis. Walmart, Target, and Costco, three of the top US retailers, have been urged to invest in more rooftop solar systems, with Walmart possessing the largest solar potential due to its vast number of stores and rooftop space. While Walmart has completed various renewable energy projects worldwide, the company has not emphasized rooftop solar installations. Walmart has expressed its commitment to sourcing 100% of its energy from renewable projects by 2035. Environment America reports that as of the end of the 2021 fiscal year, Walmart had installed approximately 194 megawatts of solar capacity on its US facilities. Target is the leader in on-site solar capacity, with 542 locations equipped with rooftop solar systems, which meet 15-40% of the properties’ energy needs. Costco has rooftop solar installations in 121 stores globally, 95 of which are in the US. Home Depot currently has 75 completed rooftop solar projects and plans for more in the future. However, aging rooftops and the need for roof replacements pose challenges to further solar installations. Retail companies and the power sector face obstacles such as labor costs, regulation, and incentives, which have impeded progress in solar adoption. Representative Sean Casten has pointed out that the US has not provided sufficient incentives for those with expertise in solar power to build infrastructure. Overall, while big-box stores and shopping centers in the US have significant potential for rooftop solar systems, various barriers prevent widespread adoption.

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