Video captured by Air Force pilots during the evacuation ahead of Hurricane Idalia has become a viral sensation due to the appearance of lightning bolts emanating from the aircraft. However, the phenomenon is not actually lightning, but rather St. Elmo’s fire, as explained by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
Understanding St. Elmo’s Fire
According to Jase Bernhardt, an associate professor and director of sustainability studies at Hofstra University, St. Elmo’s fire occurs during thunderstorms when a powerful electrical current comes into contact with a sharp object like a ship’s mast or an airplane wing. Bernhardt describes it as a phenomenon where a large number of electrons glow for several minutes, similar to a neon sign. However, it is important for unprotected mariners to seek shelter when observing this phenomenon on a ship, as lightning strikes may occur shortly after the glow begins.
Bernhardt clarifies that while St. Elmo’s fire may indicate the potential for lightning, they are distinct phenomena. Lightning involves a direct movement of electrons from a cloud to the ground, whereas St. Elmo’s fire is more of a sparking effect with electrons covering a much shorter distance.
St. Elmo’s fire is not limited to aircraft or ships; it can also occur on tall buildings with pointed tops, such as lighthouses. The necessary conditions for St. Elmo’s fire include a strong thunderstorm generating a robust electrical field and the presence of the right type of object.
In terms of pilot safety, Bernhardt assures that St. Elmo’s fire should not pose significant danger as aircraft are usually designed to withstand lightning. The main risk lies in potential power or systems issues, but larger aircraft like commercial and military planes are unlikely to be at risk.
MacDill Air Force Base Video
A video shared by the MacDill Air Force Base in Tampa, an area greatly affected by Hurricane Idalia, showcases the phenomenon of St. Elmo’s fire in action.
CBS News has reached out to a representative for the base and is awaiting their response.
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