Forever Chemicals: The Hidden Dangers and How to Minimize Exposure
Forever chemicals, such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), phenols, and parabens, are synthetic compounds that can be found all around us. Unfortunately, most people unknowingly ingest or inhale these toxic substances through contaminated water, food, and even air. They are also present in everyday items like cookware, packaging materials, furniture, and clothing, making it nearly impossible to avoid exposure.
Recent studies have shown that nearly everyone has traces of PFAS in their bodies, with an estimated 97% of Americans testing positive for these chemicals in their blood (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Furthermore, a new report published in the Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology discovered significantly higher levels of forever chemicals in the bodies of individuals with cancer. This raises concerns about the potential link between these toxic substances and chronic diseases like cancer and cardiovascular disease.
The unique characteristic of forever chemicals is their ability to break down slowly and remain in the body for extended periods, ranging from months to years. Scott Bartell, a professor of environmental and occupational health, explains, “What makes them different and important is that they are toxic, entirely man-made, and can remain in the environment and in the human body for a long time after we put them there” (HuffPost).
How Forever Chemicals Impact Our Health
Aside from the aforementioned concerns, studies have linked PFAS exposure to various health issues. These include cancer, reduced fertility, high blood pressure, changes in liver enzymes, and low birth weight. Other research suggests that these chemicals can impair the immune system and interfere with its ability to fight disease and respond to vaccines. Dr. Ned Calonge, an associate dean for public health practice, adds that PFAS have been associated with kidney, breast, and testicular cancer, as well as high cholesterol, thyroid dysfunction, and neurological diseases like Parkinson’s (Colorado School of Public Health).
While scientists are still uncovering the full extent of the harm caused by PFAS, evidence suggests that these chemicals can disrupt the endocrine system, potentially affecting hormone production and functioning. Additionally, they mimic fatty acids used by the body for energy, potentially interfering with lipid processing. Although the mechanisms behind these health problems aren’t fully understood, the correlation between PFAS and numerous diseases is undeniable.
Forever Chemicals can be found in common makeup items like waterproof mascara.
Where Are We Exposed to Forever Chemicals?
Persistent and ubiquitous, forever chemicals can be found in a wide range of products and environments. They are commonly found in food and beverage packaging, cosmetics (including waterproof mascara, lipstick, and foundation), personal care products (such as lotions, shampoos, and body wash), flame retardants, as well as water-resistant and stain-resistant textiles and clothing. These chemicals can leach into the food and beverages through packaging or be absorbed through the skin from personal care products. However, the primary route of exposure is through our diet, with significant levels of PFAS often identified in fish, shellfish, and drinking water.
While some progress has been made in reducing certain types of forever chemicals in our bloodstream, new types are emerging, making it challenging to identify and assess their risks effectively (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences). Unfortunately, manufacturers are not required to disclose the chemicals they use, making it difficult for consumers to avoid PFAS-containing products.
Currently, only a few states have implemented legislation restricting the use of PFAS. The United States Environmental Protection Agency is also working on stricter standards for drinking water. However, until further regulations are in place, it is important for individuals to take proactive steps to minimize their exposure.
How to Minimize Exposure to Forever Chemicals
While it may be challenging to completely avoid forever chemicals, there are measures you can take to minimize your exposure:
- Look for products that are labeled as “PFAS-free.”
- Avoid using non-stick cookware, especially if it is flaking, as well as stain and water-resistant clothing and furniture.
- Avoid products with the terms “fluoro” and “perfluoro.”
- Vacuum your carpets regularly to remove PFAS particles.
- Refer to the EWG’s Skin Deep report when selecting cosmetic and personal care products. This resource provides health scores based on ingredients.
- Opt for fresh, unpackaged food items whenever possible, as packaging can contain harmful chemicals. Ensure thorough washing of fruits and vegetables before consumption.
- Check with your local health department for information on PFAS levels in your drinking water. NSF/ANSI certified filters can be used to purify water if high levels are detected.
- Stay informed about advisories on contaminated food products in your area, which may be provided by local health departments.
By making conscious choices and supporting companies that prioritize PFAS-free products and minimize plastic packaging, individuals can send a powerful message and contribute to reducing the presence of forever chemicals in our daily lives. While comprehensive regulations may still be lacking, taking personal steps to minimize exposure is a crucial aspect of protecting our health and well-being.
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