At the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)’s annual meeting in Chicago, two new cancer drug studies were presented with potentially “practice-changing” results. A drug called osimertinib, which targets an abnormal protein on the surface of lung cancer, was shown to reduce the risk of deaths by over 50%, while a new drug called ribociclib for breast cancer significantly increased survival rates and prevented recurring disease. According to Dr. Marc Siegel, professor of medicine at NYU Langone Medical Center, targeted therapies have been a significant advance in treating deadly cancers. Using these therapies before a recurrence translates directly into improved survival.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the US, with 238,340 new cases expected in 2023. AstraZeneca’s osimertinib was shown to reduce lung cancer deaths significantly and is targeted to patients who have been diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer. This new drug reduces the spread of tumors compared to a placebo group, and 88% of patients who took osimertinib after surgery survived for the next five years.
Ribociclib, also known as Kisqali, has the potential to extend survival and cut the chances of recurrence in women with HR-positive, HER2-negative early-stage breast cancer. A study called NATALEE indicated that Ribociclib reduced the risk of recurrence by 25 % in participants with stage IIA, IIB, or III HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. The addition of ribociclib led to a significant improvement in invasive disease-free survival.
Overall, targeted therapy provides a precision-based approach to cancer treatment that is transforming medicine from a one-size-fits-all approach, according to Dr. Nathan Goodyear, medical director at Brio-Medical, Scottsdale, Arizona. These new drugs have revolutionized cancer treatment by targeting abnormal proteins and growth hormones, leading to practice-changing improvements in survival rates.
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