Soaring temperatures in the UK pose a serious health risk, according to experts, as a heatwave threatens to strain the already overwhelmed NHS. In fact, today could potentially be the hottest day of the year so far, with temperatures expected to reach 33C (91F). This comes as some areas in the UK are experiencing an official heatwave for the first time since June. Health professionals are particularly concerned about the impact on vulnerable populations, such as the elderly and individuals with dementia, who may be more susceptible to heat-related illnesses. These concerns are expected to increase the demand for NHS services, which are already struggling to cope with the rising temperatures. NHS buildings, in particular, are ill-prepared for the unusually high temperatures, with incidents of overheating becoming more common. Some hospitals have even had to cancel operations or close wards due to the heat. The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has raised its heat health alert to amber in all regions of England, except for the North East, which is under a yellow alert. As a result, experts are warning of higher mortality rates and significant impacts on vulnerable populations and the NHS.
Dr Adrian Boyle, President of the Royal College of Emergency Medicine, emphasized the importance of acknowledging the serious health risks associated with extreme heat due to climate change. Last summer, temperatures exceeding 40 degrees Celsius resulted in over 3,000 excess deaths. Those who are frail, have dementia, mental health conditions, or are experiencing homelessness are particularly at risk. The advice given is to check on older individuals or those with existing health issues, stay out of the heat as much as possible, and ensure adequate hydration.
Dr Layla McCay, Director of Policy at the NHS Confederation, highlighted that extreme weather can exacerbate the demand for NHS services and impact the health of individuals. The inadequate infrastructure and outdated buildings within the NHS can struggle to cope with extreme temperatures. Although this summer’s temperatures have not yet reached extreme levels, health leaders still encourage the public to take precautions and stay hydrated during the current warm weather.
Heat exhaustion, a condition where the body is unable to cool itself down, is a major concern. Symptoms include dizziness, excessive sweating, and can potentially lead to heat stroke, a fatal condition. The Met Office has reported that areas in West Yorkshire, Cornwall, Devon, and Wales have already met the criteria for a heatwave, with more regions expected to follow suit. While the hottest temperature recorded yesterday was 30.7C (87.3F) in West Sussex, forecasters predict that a new record will be set today or tomorrow. Thirteen weather stations have officially marked this period as a heatwave, defined as at least three days in a row with temperatures meeting or exceeding the heatwave threshold for each specific region.
The UKHSA also emphasized the potential health impacts across the population, particularly for individuals over 65 or those with pre-existing health conditions. The organization has provided guidance for the NHS, care home managers, and those responsible for vulnerable individuals to help maintain and improve planning and response during hot weather. Dr Agostinho Sousa, head of extreme events and health protection at UKHSA, advised checking on older family members, friends, or neighbors, especially those with heart or lung conditions. Staying hydrated and keeping cool are crucial for everyone during hot weather.
If the hottest day of 2023 is reached this week, it would be the first time since 2016 (and before that, the 1950s) that the UK’s warmest day of the year occurred in September. The Alzheimer’s Society has also issued a warning about the effects of hot weather on individuals living with dementia. Dehydration is a common challenge for these individuals, and the charity suggests leaving water within easy reach, sharing drinks, and providing high water content foods. Additionally, Alzheimer’s Society supports “water sweets” known as Jelly Drops, which are bite-sized, sugar-free sweets containing 95% water and added electrolytes. They can be a helpful way for individuals with dementia to stay hydrated.
Despite the desire to enjoy the nice weather, it’s crucial for individuals with dementia to take precautions to stay cool and hydrated during the rising temperatures. Family members and caregivers are urged to check in on them, ensure they are wearing suitable clothing, and staying out of direct sunlight. Simply visiting a neighbor, friend, or family member with dementia can help keep them safe during hot weather.
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