Recent research published in JAMA Neurology has uncovered a connection between heart attacks and cognitive decline. The study analyzed data from six smaller studies involving a total of 30,465 participants with no history of heart attack, stroke, or dementia. Cognitive function was assessed in each participant, including memory, global cognition, and executive function. The researchers then followed up with the participants years later, finding that those who had experienced a heart attack had a faster rate of cognitive decline compared to those who had not.
According to Dr. Percy Griffin of the Alzheimer’s Association, the cognitive decline experienced by heart attack survivors was equivalent to 6 to 13 years of aging. Dr. Daniel Muñoz of Vanderbilt Heart & Vascular Institute suggests that the connection between heart and brain health lies in vascular health, or the health of the blood vessels that supply both organs. A heart attack, which blocks blood flow to the heart, can also affect the blood vessels supplying the brain and lead to cognitive problems.
Dr. Eric Adler of UC San Diego Health adds that inflammation triggered by a heart attack can affect cognitive function. Inflammation has been linked to higher rates of cognitive decline. While there are still many unknowns about Alzheimer’s disease, the study’s findings align with existing research on inflammation and its impact on the brain.
To protect both heart and brain health, individuals should focus on improving their overall well-being. This includes taking prescribed heart medications, engaging in brain-stimulating activities like crosswords and puzzles, and adopting healthy lifestyle habits such as regular exercise, a balanced diet, social engagement, and avoiding tobacco products. It’s also crucial to manage high blood pressure and cholesterol levels through medication or lifestyle changes. Regular visits to a primary care doctor can help monitor these factors and catch any issues early on.
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