During a speech at the Viva Tech conference in Paris, Yann LeCun, Chief AI Scientist at Meta, acknowledged that current artificial intelligence systems, such as ChatGPT, are far from having human-level intelligence. In fact, according to LeCun, they are only slightly more advanced than a dog. Despite this, LeCun believes that AI has the potential to reach human-level intelligence in the future.
ChatGPT, developed by OpenAI, is an example of a large language model AI system. It has been trained on extensive language data, enabling users to interact with it through questions and prompts. The chatbot then responds in a manner that is comprehensible to us.
The rapid progress in AI development has raised concerns among prominent technologists about the potential dangers it may pose if left unchecked. Tesla CEO Elon Musk, for instance, has described AI as one of the greatest risks to civilization.
At the same conference, Jacques Attali, a French economic and social theorist, highlighted the importance of AI’s application. He emphasized that its impact will depend on how it is used. Attali cautioned that utilizing AI for purposes such as developing fossil fuels or weapons would be detrimental, whereas AI could be immensely beneficial for areas like healthcare, education, and culture.
LeCun specifically discussed the limitations of generative AI trained on large language models. He pointed out that these systems lack a true understanding of the real world since they are solely trained on text. According to LeCun, human knowledge encompasses much more than just language, and it remains beyond the grasp of AI.
Interestingly, LeCun mentioned that an AI system could now pass the Bar exam required for someone to become a lawyer. However, he humorously highlighted that AI still struggles with simple tasks like loading a dishwasher, which a 10-year-old child can learn in just a few minutes. This highlights that there is still a significant gap between AI and even basic human capabilities.
LeCun also discussed Meta’s efforts to train AI on video, which he considers to be a more challenging task compared to language training. He used the example of how a five-month-old baby wouldn’t think much of an object floating, while a nine-month-old baby would be surprised by it, indicating their growing understanding of the physical world. Replicating this level of comprehension in machines is currently beyond our capabilities, preventing us from achieving human-level intelligence, let alone the intelligence of dogs or cats.
Addressing concerns about the potential dominance of AI, Attali expressed his worries about future threats faced by humanity, including climate disasters and warfare. He also voiced concerns about robots turning against humans. In contrast, LeCun stated that machines surpassing human intelligence should be viewed as advantageous rather than alarming. He envisioned a future where each individual has an AI assistant that is smarter than themselves, essentially acting as a supportive staff in their daily lives. LeCun emphasized the importance of keeping these AI systems controllable and subservient to humans and dismissed the idea of robots taking over the world, stating that being smart does not automatically equate to a desire for dominance.
When it comes to the ethics and regulation of AI, Attali emphasized the need for guidelines to govern its development. However, he raised the question of who should be responsible for establishing these boundaries.
AI regulation has been a prominent topic at the Viva Tech conference. The European Union is actively pushing for its own legislation, and France is aiming for global regulation of AI technology.
In conclusion, while AI currently falls far short of human-level intelligence, there is optimism for its future potential. The limitations of AI lie in its reliance on text-based training, preventing a comprehensive understanding of the real world. However, ongoing efforts to train AI on video and the continuous exploration of AI’s applications offer hope for bridging the gap between AI and human intelligence. With appropriate ethics and regulation, AI can bring significant benefits to various fields, revolutionizing sectors such as healthcare, education, and culture.
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