CNN – Cappadocia, a region in central Turkey, is like a magnificent, handwoven carpet with its stunning palette of caramel swirls, ochers, creams, and pinks. The landscape is adorned with poplar trees along paths created by ancient lava flows from extinct volcanoes, and valleys filled with cone-shaped peribacı. This wondrous place is famous for its whimsical “fairy chimneys” or peribacı in Turkish. In addition to the fairy chimneys, Cappadocia is home to rock churches, monasteries, and former farming communities where people lived alongside monks.
Cappadocia’s unique geological features were formed when volcanic ash cooled down to create soft porous rock called tufa. Over thousands of years, water and wind eroded and shaped the tufa, making it easy to carve but hardening when exposed to air. Until the 1950s, the population of Cappadocia mostly resided in these surreal rock formations, following a tradition that dates back centuries. Today, these formations have become one of Turkey’s most remarkable tourist attractions, often admired from above by hot air balloons floating in the sky. However, locals insist that the best way to truly appreciate Cappadocia is by foot or on horseback.
There are several options for exploring Cappadocia on foot. One archaeological gem is Zelve, a preserved rock-carved settlement that provides a glimpse into rural life during the medieval Byzantine period. Tolga Uyar, a medieval art historian, marvels at the fact that Zelve was continuously occupied for over 1,400 years. Marked paths in Zelve and throughout the region make it easy for visitors to navigate and give them a taste of what awaits them in the valleys.
A wonderful hiking trail begins at Ihlara Village and stretches along the banks of the Melendiz River in the scenic Ihlara Valley. In early spring, this valley comes alive with lush green trees, blooming flowers, and the soothing sound of water. Like other parts of Cappadocia, the valley is dotted with centuries-old churches adorned with murals. Along the trail, there are picnic spots and small restaurants in Belisırma for a delightful lunch. The hike ends at Selime Monastery, an imposing structure believed to date back to the eighth or ninth century BCE.
For hikers starting from Çavuşin, there is an opportunity to explore Kızılçukur, also known as Red Valley. This trail winds through orchards filled with apple and apricot trees and passes fields of ripening grapes. Along the way, hikers can discover ancient churches, including the renowned Üzümlü Kilise or Church of the Grapes. The fairy chimneys in Kızılçukur boast a pinkish hue during the day and transform into a beautiful red shade at sunset, thanks to the presence of iron ore in the tufa. While some of the churches might be hard to find or locked, hiring a Turkish-speaking guide like Mehmet Güngör can enhance the experience, ensuring access to hidden gems and unique knowledge of the area.
Mehmet Güngör, the owner of Walking Mehmet, has been guiding visitors through Cappadocia for over 25 years. He has witnessed the transformation of the region from a farming community to a thriving tourist destination. Güngör’s walks offer a chance to explore churches and monasteries from the fifth, sixth, and seventh centuries that are often overlooked by independent travelers. He also conducts full moon night walks, hikes with optimal photography lighting, and trails suitable for hot days. Güngör’s passion for his work is evident as he describes the positive energy and connection to nature that Cappadocia provides him.
For those who prefer horseback riding, Cappadocia offers horse tours through its breathtaking valleys. The region was once known as the “land of wild horses” due to free-roaming yılkı, horses used in agriculture during ancient times. Cemal Ranch, founded by Cemal Koksal and his family, takes great care of their well-trained horses throughout the year. The ranch offers small group tours suitable for beginners and experienced riders, providing short training sessions and mandatory helmets for everyone’s safety. Participants on longer tours even get to enjoy homemade food cooked by Cemal’s mother. Cemal Ranch offers exclusive access to the stunning Rose and Red valleys at sunset, allowing riders to witness the enchanting color transformation of the valleys. Cemal Koksal expresses his joy and connection to nature while riding through Cappadocia’s valleys, describing it as the pinnacle of freedom and tranquility.
Cappadocia truly embodies a mesmerizing blend of natural beauty, historical wonders, and unforgettable experiences. Whether exploring on foot or horseback, this region offers a unique adventure that connects visitors to its rich history and awe-inspiring landscapes.
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