Researchers have found that the number of cancer cases in people under 50 has increased by almost 80% in the last three decades. However, the reasons behind this surge remain unclear. According to a study published in the journal BMJ Oncology, about 3.26 million individuals under the age of 50 were diagnosed with cancer worldwide in 2019, representing a 79% increase since 1990. Breast cancer was the most prevalent form of early onset cancer (defined as cancer in individuals under 50), while windpipe and prostate cancers experienced the largest rise during the study period. Among those under 50, breast cancer was also the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, followed by windpipe, lung, stomach, and bowel cancers.
To conduct the research, the scientists utilized the Global Burden of Disease dataset, which incorporates data from 204 countries. They believe that the rise in early onset cancers can be partially attributed to alcohol and tobacco use, as well as factors such as obesity and lack of exercise. The researchers emphasized the importance of promoting a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, limitations on tobacco and alcohol consumption, and adequate outdoor activities, to reduce the burden of early onset cancer. They also stated that further research is needed to fully comprehend this trend. Researchers highlighted that individuals aged 40 to 49 are at the greatest risk of early onset cancer and suggested considering targeted early detection measures for this age group.
However, the study did not account for a 40% increase in the global population since 1990, and the impact of improved detection and reporting on the recorded increase in cases remains uncertain, as noted by the BBC. Montserrat García-Closas, from the Institute of Cancer Research in London, explained that previous reports have shown a rise in cancer incidence rates among individuals under 50 since the 1990s, accompanied by a decrease in mortality rates. This suggests that more individuals in this age group are surviving cancer, likely due to advancements in early detection and treatments. (Read more cancer stories.)
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