Inventor Nikola Tesla was born on July 10, 1856, in what is now Croatia. His father, a priest in the Serbian Orthodox Church, and his highly intelligent mother played crucial roles in shaping Tesla’s intellectual curiosity from a young age. Tesla’s fascination with science led him to conduct experiments starting at the age of six. Notably, he created inventions like a motor powered by June bugs, an air piston gun, and a device for catching frogs.
During his youth, Tesla worked at the Budapest Telephone Exchange and gained experience installing lights in Paris. These positions allowed him to make significant advancements to existing technologies. At the Budapest Telephone Exchange, he improved equipment and developed an amplifier. In Paris, Tesla enhanced Edison’s dynamos and created an automatic regulator.
Tesla moved to the United States when he was 28 years old, arriving in New York City with only four cents in his pocket. It was in the same year, 1884, that he met Thomas Edison. Edison quickly recognized Tesla’s brilliance and immediately hired him to work on the electrical system of the ocean liner “Oregon,” the first ship with electric lighting. Tesla impressively repaired the damaged set of dynamos that powered the ship.
However, Tesla’s relationship with Edison soured the following year when Edison failed to pay him $50,000 for improving his direct current generator. Edison dismissed Tesla’s work, claiming Tesla didn’t understand American humor. Despite this setback, Tesla continued to innovate, inventing the Tesla coil in 1891—a remarkable achievement as he also became a U.S. citizen that same year.
Tesla’s patents for the alternating-current dynamo, transformer, and motor were eventually sold to George Westinghouse in 1888. This transaction sparked a significant power struggle between Edison’s direct-current systems and Tesla-Westinghouse’s alternating-current approach, with the latter eventually reigning supreme.
One of Tesla’s most notable inventions was the Tesla coil, an air-core transformer capable of wireless electricity transmission. Throughout his life, Tesla obtained nearly 300 patents and showed particular interest in wireless energy transmission.
In his later years, Tesla became eccentric and developed a peculiar fixation on pigeons near his hotel. Despite his immense contributions to the field of electricity, Tesla died in debt, alone, and unnoticed in his hotel room on January 7, 1943.
In modern times, the name Tesla is most commonly associated with the electric car brand Tesla, Inc., founded in 2003 by Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning. Elon Musk joined the company the following year, becoming its largest shareholder. The company’s name pays homage to Nikola Tesla, as his AC motor technology powers Tesla’s electric cars.
Tesla Motors introduced its first car, the Roadster, in 2008, with Musk assuming the role of CEO in October that same year. The company went public in 2010 and changed its name to Tesla, Inc. in 2017. Today, Tesla offers multiple car models, such as the Model S, Model 3, Model Y, and Model X, alongside solar panels and the Powerwall, a home battery system that ensures power during outages.
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