The scorching heat may make it feel like you can fry an egg on the sidewalk, but that doesn’t mean your dog can skip bathroom breaks. With climate change causing extreme weather, it’s crucial to keep your furry friends safe and cool. Sarah Carotenuto, an assistant professor at the University of Arizona College of Veterinary Medicine with extensive experience in emergency care, provides valuable tips on how to protect your dog from the harmful effects of extreme heat.
When it comes to walking your dog in hot weather, it’s essential to consider their acclimation to the heat. If you’ve recently moved to a hot and humid place, it’s best to exercise caution and take walks during dawn or dusk. Your dog needs time to adjust to the climate. Check the pavement temperature by placing your hand on it for five seconds. If it feels too hot for your hand, it’s too hot for your dog’s paws.
In extreme heat, it’s advisable to keep walks short. Don’t start an exercise routine during summer, especially if you or your dog is overweight or out of shape. Limit walks to 10 to 15 minutes during the coolest part of the day. Ensure that your dog can easily cool down within five minutes of returning indoors. Look for signs of overheating such as heavily panting, extremely red ears or gums, and an inability to stop panting. If your dog refuses to continue walking, it’s a clear signal that they’ve had enough. In extreme heat, walks should only be done for necessary elimination and fresh air.
To help your dog stay cool during walks, bring water for them to drink. You can also use misting bottles with automated fans. If you don’t want to be without water for long, don’t ask your dog to endure it either.
When you return from a walk, provide your dog with water and consider giving them ice chips or cubes. Wetting your pet down can aid in evaporative cooling. Offering a cool tile floor to lie on is also helpful. Fans are great, but ensure they have protective coverings to prevent accidents.
Certain dog breeds are more susceptible to heat and require extra care. Arctic breeds, with their thick undercoats, can struggle to dissipate heat. The same goes for larger breeds with thick coats, especially herding dogs. Additionally, flat-faced or brachycephalic breeds have anatomical challenges when it comes to exchanging heat, making them more vulnerable.
Dogs with preexisting conditions like obesity, arthritis, or breathing problems are at higher risk in the heat. Extra weight and age can make it harder for them to cope with heat, and preexisting breathing issues compound the problem.
Heatstroke is a common emergency seen in dogs during hot weather, often due to pets being left outside. When body temperature exceeds 107 degrees Fahrenheit, proteins in the body undergo changes that can lead to blood clotting issues. Think of it like cooking an egg: once it’s heated, it can’t go back to being liquid. Heatstroke predisposes dogs to further episodes and can cause complications.
If your dog’s temperature exceeds 107 degrees, it’s a medical emergency. Begin cooling them down with cool water, not cold or ice water, and seek immediate veterinary care. Dogs displaying difficulty breathing, excessive panting, and an inability to settle down despite efforts to cool them are also in need of medical attention. When in doubt, always call an emergency clinic.
To prevent paw burns, consider using booties made of silicone or rubber that fasten around the ankle. It may take some time for your dog to adjust to them. Look out for signs like weight shift away from the affected paw and excessive licking. Peeling skin on the paw pads is a clear indication of burns. If you notice these signs, it’s best to consult your vet.
For at-home treatment of paw burns, wash the affected area with soap and water and apply aloe vera gel or Neosporin, which are safe for dogs.
While swimming or playing in water may seem like a fun activity for dogs during hot weather, precautions must be taken. Some dogs don’t naturally know how to swim, so keeping a close eye on them is crucial. A life vest is advisable, especially if you plan on taking your dog on a boat. Be cautious of spray hoses or sprinklers, as excessive drinking of water can lead to acute water intoxication, which affects sodium levels and can cause brain swelling.
By following these tips, you can ensure your furry companion stays safe, cool, and healthy during extreme heat.
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